In a healthy state, peatlands are carbon sinks that support a wide range of biodiversity. However, in degraded condition, they become sources of carbon.

80% of Scotland’s peatlands are degraded and are the fifth-largest source of emissions in the country. The Carroglen Estate has been significantly degraded, with extensive areas of actively eroding peat systems and frequent bare patches. The project supports a peatland rehabilitation programme managed by Caledonian Climate Partners involving reprofiling bare banks on exposed slopes, flooding large bare areas using peat and timber dams, and plugging artificial drains in order to restore bogs. The project addresses the factors causing land degradation and restores natural peatland ecosystems, which account for 15% of Scotland’s carbon emissions.

Restoring these ecosystems is crucial to reducing emissions. This contributes to climate change mitigation. The project transforms peatlands from sources of carbon emissions into carbon sinks. Restoration brings immediate emission reductions and improves the habitat for invertebrates, amphibians, birds and small mammals.

The restoration of local flora and fauna habitats is a key priority, with a particular focus on a biodiversity hotspot for local butterfly species, birds and plants. Restored peatlands enhance water quality by reducing sedimentation and flooding, which is achieved through regulated runoff and maintaining base flows in upland streams during dry spells. Healthy wetlands are also far less susceptible to devastating wildfires. The project supports rural economies. Jobs are created during the surveying and restoration phases. Longer-term roles are created for monitoring and maintenance.