The society and the environment in the Northern Kenya are undergoing rapid and profound transformations. Currently, the livelihoods of pastoralists and smallholder farmers are being impacted by more frequent droughts, changing seasonal rainfall patterns, the spread of invasive species, and the ongoing degradation of biodiversity, soil, and water resources. These challenges are worsened by the increasing population, including immigration from other parts of Kenya, pushed by potential job opportunities offered by the Lamu Port-South Sudan-Ethiopia Transport Corridor Project (LAPSSET). The space for wildlife and pastoralists to breed, graze, and migrate through the landscape is diminishing, putting livelihoods and the wellbeing of communities at risk. In parallel, there is a growing number of disputes, particularly concerning the governance of "common pool resources". In a nutshell, the capacity of nature to provide vital ecosystem services is being compromised.